Whole numbers are a fundamental part of mathematics and form the basis for most calculations.
The four fundamental operations on whole numbers are
- addition,
- subtraction,
- multiplication,
- division.
These operations are used to perform various calculations and solve problems in mathematics.
Addition
Addition is the process of combining two or more numbers to find their total sum. It is represented by the symbol (+). For example, if we have two whole numbers 5 and 7, we can add them together by placing them next to each other and adding the digits in the same column. In this case, 5+7=12.
Subtraction
Subtraction is the process of finding the difference between two numbers. It is represented by the symbol (-). For example, if we have two whole numbers 9 and 4, we can subtract them by placing them on top of each other and subtracting the digits in the same column. In this case, 9-4=5.
Multiplication
Multiplication is the process of repeated addition. It is represented by the symbol (x). For example, if we have two whole numbers 3 and 4, we can multiply them by adding 3 four times. In this case, 3x4=12.
Division
Division is the process of finding how many times one number is contained within another number. It is represented by the symbol (/). For example, if we have two whole numbers 12 and 3, we can divide them by finding how many times 3 is contained within 12. In this case, 12/3=4. The four fundamental operations on whole numbers are essential in mathematics and are used to solve many real-life problems. These operations form the foundation of arithmetic and are the basis for more complex calculations such as fractions, decimals, and algebraic expressions. By mastering these operations, we can perform calculations with ease and accuracy.
Top 10 Key Points on Mathematical Operations
- Addition is the process of combining two or more numbers to obtain a sum. The symbol for addition is "+".
- Subtraction is the process of taking away one number from another. The symbol for subtraction is "-".
- Multiplication is the process of combining two or more numbers to obtain a product. The symbols for multiplication are "x" and "⋅".
- Division is the process of dividing one number by another. The symbols for division are "÷" and "/".
- The order of operations is important when performing multiple operations on a set of numbers. The order is Parentheses, Exponents, Multiplication and Division (from left to right), Addition and Subtraction (from left to right), which can be remembered as PEMDAS.
- The Commutative Property of Addition states that changing the order of the numbers being added does not change the sum.
- The Commutative Property of Multiplication states that changing the order of the numbers being multiplied does not change the product.
- The Associative Property of Addition states that changing the grouping of the numbers being added does not change the sum.
- The Associative Property of Multiplication states that changing the grouping of the numbers being multiplied does not change the product.
- In multiplication, any number multiplied by zero is zero. In division, dividing any number by zero is undefined.
Exercise -1
- What is the result of adding 5 and 8?
a) 10
b) 13
c) 3
d) 40
Answer: b) 13 - What is the result of subtracting 9 from 14?
a) 5
b) 23
c) 4
d) 6
Answer: a) 5 - What is the product of 6 and 7?
a) 12
b) 42
c) 13
d) 1
Answer: b) 42 - What is the quotient of 15 divided by 3?
a) 18
b) 5
c) 11
d) 8
Answer: b) 5 - What is the result of 2 + 3 x 4?
a) 20
b) 18
c) 14
d) 23
Answer: b) 14 - What is the commutative property of addition?
a) Changing the order of numbers being added does not change the sum
b) Changing the order of numbers being multiplied does not change the product
c) Changing the grouping of numbers being added does not change the sum
d) Changing the grouping of numbers being multiplied does not change the product
Answer: a) Changing the order of numbers being added does not change the sum - What is the result of 7 x 0?
a) 0
b) 7
c) 1
d) 49
Answer: a) 0 - What is the associative property of multiplication?
a) Changing the order of numbers being added does not change the sum
b) Changing the order of numbers being multiplied does not change the product
c) Changing the grouping of numbers being added does not change the sum
d) Changing the grouping of numbers being multiplied does not change the product
Answer: d) Changing the grouping of numbers being multiplied does not change the product - What is the result of 22 ÷ 11?
a) 2
b) 33
c) 1
d) 0
Answer: c) 1 - What is the result of (2 + 3) x 4?
a) 20
b) 18
c) 14
d) 25
Exercise -2
- What is the result of subtracting 11 from 25?
a) 14
b) 36
c) 15
d) 34
Answer: c) 15 - What is the product of 3 and 9?
a) 12
b) 6
c) 27
d) 15
Answer: c) 27 - What is the quotient of 36 divided by 9?
a) 3
b) 5
c) 4
d) 2
Answer: a) 3 - What is the result of 6 x 0?
a) 6
b) 0
c) 1
d) 12
Answer: b) 0 - What is the result of 5 + 2 x 3?
a) 11
b) 21
c) 16
d) 19
Answer: d) 19 - What is the commutative property of multiplication?
a) Changing the order of numbers being added does not change the sum
b) Changing the order of numbers being multiplied does not change the product
c) Changing the grouping of numbers being added does not change the sum
d) Changing the grouping of numbers being multiplied does not change the product
Answer: b) Changing the order of numbers being multiplied does not change the product - What is the associative property of addition?
a) Changing the order of numbers being added does not change the sum
b) Changing the order of numbers being multiplied does not change the product
c) Changing the grouping of numbers being added does not change the sum
d) Changing the grouping of numbers being multiplied does not change the product
Answer: c) Changing the grouping of numbers being added does not change the sum - What is the result of 24 ÷ 6?
a) 4
b) 3
c) 5
d) 2
Answer: a) 4 - What is the result of (4 + 7) x 2?
a) 22
b) 26
c) 24
d) 21
Answer: c) 24 - What is the product of 1 and any number?
a) 0
b) 1
c) 2
d) the number itself
Answer: d) the number itself
